Author: neuraxis_editor

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Mild hypothermia protects the spinal cord from ischemic injury in a chronic porcine model

Mild hypothermia protects the spinal cord from ischemic injury in a chronic porcine model
Justus T Strauch, Alexander Lauten, David Spielvogel, Sindy Rinke, Ning Zhang, Donald Weisz, Carol A Bodian and Randall B Griepp
European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 2004

The thoracic aorta was exposed and cross-clamped in 30 juvenile pigs for different intervals at normothermia and during mild hypothermia. Myogenic motor-evoked and operation recovery were evaluated. At normothermia, those cross-clamped for 30 min suffered paraplegia. With mild hypothermia, animals tolerated 50 min of aortic cross-clamping without evidence of neurologic injury. This indicates that mild hypothermia dramatically increases the tolerance of the spinal cord to ischemia.

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Hypothermia for spinal cord injury

Hypothermia for spinal cord injury
Brian K. Kwon, Cody Mann, Hong Moon Sohn, Alan S. Hilibrand, Frank M. Phillips, Jeffrey C. Wang, Michael G. Fehlings
The Spine Journal, 2007

Therapeutic hypothermia (33°C) after 30 minutes of ischemic injury to the thoracic spinal cord in rats showed improvement of motor function. Moderate hypothermia has also shown potential benefits in invasive procedures including aortic clamp cross-clamping during thoracic surgery. In 2007 a high profile case was reported when an NFL player suffered a cervical spine injury. He was treated immediately on the football field with moderate hypothermia and had a much better outcome than expected. This could be evidence that hypothermia could protect the spinal cord from ischemic injury.

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The Effects of Local Cooling on Canine Spinal Cord Blood Flow

The Effects of Local Cooling on Canine Spinal Cord Blood Flow
Robert R. Hansebout, , and M. Venkatraya Kamath
LE JOURNAL CANADIEN DES SCIENCES NEUROLOGIQUES, 1985

The internal spinal cord blood flow was measured in dogs at the site of local cooling. Blood flow decreased to 50% (16ºC) of the normothermic values during cooling of the cord. Upon ending of cooling internal blood flow rapidly returned to normal values.

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Effects of a Contusion Injury on Spinal Cord Blood Flow in the Sheep

Effects of a Contusion Injury on Spinal Cord Blood Flow in the Sheep
J. D. Yeo, S. Stabback
Spine, 1984

The effect of experimental trauma on the blood flow in the central and peripheral regions of the sheep’s spinal cord was studied using a radioactive microsphere technique. In seven out of eight animals, a progressive fall in blood flow occurred in both the peripheral and central regions of the cord within 2 hours following injury. Early hypothermic intervention could have helped sustain neural function.

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Neuroprotection following mild hypothermia after spinal chord ischemia in rats

Hypothermic Preconditioning Increases Survival of Purkinje Neurons in Rat Cerebellar Slices after an In Vitro Simulated Ischemia
Hui-Bih Yuan, Yueming Huang, Shuqiu Zheng, Zhiyi Zuo
Anesthesiology, 2004

Rats were randomly divided into hypothermia (1ºC reduction in body temperature), normothermia, and sham groups. Hypothermia was induced 15 minutes before spinal cord ischemia and maintained during ischemia. Animals were then rewarmed to normothermia. Hind limb motor function was assessed at 2, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after reperfusion. Hypothermia significantly improved hind limb function at all assessments compared to normothermia and reduced neuronal death.

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TREATMENT OF COMATOSE SURVIVORS OF OUT-OF-HOSPITAL CARDIAC ARREST WITH INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA

TREATMENT OF COMATOSE SURVIVORS OF OUT-OF-HOSPITAL CARDIAC ARREST WITH INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA
SA Bernard, TW Gray, MD Buist, BM Jones, W Silvester, G Gutteridge, K Smith
The New England Journal of Medicine, 2002

The effects of moderate hypothermia and normothermia in patients who remained unconscious after resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest were examined. Seventy-seven patients were randomly assigned to treatment with hypothermia or normothermia. Of the patients treated with hypothermia, 49% had a good outcome where they were discharged home or to a rehabilitation facility while only 26% of normothermia patients had a successful outcome. Hypothermia was associated with a lower cardiac index, higher systemic vascular resistance, and hyperglycemia

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Cooling strategies and transport theories for brain hypothermia resuscitation

Cooling strategies and transport theories for brain hypothermia resuscitation
LIU Jing
Front. Energy Power Eng, 2007

Neuron cells in the brain are easily subjected to irreversible damage in minutes if it is being depleted of oxygen. By lowering brain temperature with hypothermia it can help to restrain the cerebral oxygen demands. This allows the brain to to endure reduced oxygen delivery for a longer time. Hypothermia can be used for neurological protection in several emergency medicines.

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Intravascular cooling for rapid induction of moderate hypothermia in severely head-injured patients: results of a multicenter study (IntraCool)

Intravascular cooling for rapid induction of moderate hypothermia in severely head-injured patients: results of a multicenter study (IntraCool)
Juan Sahuquillo, Jon Pe´rez-Ba´rcena, Alberto Biestro, Elizabeth Zavala, Mari-Angels Merino, Anna Vilalta, Maria Antonia Poca, Angel Garnacho, Ramon Adalia, Javier Homar, Juan Antonio LLompart-Pou
Spine, 2005

In a 2-year period 24 patients with severe head injury and refractory high intracranial pressure were treated with moderate hypothermia (32.5 degrees C). Seven patients had a good recovery, nine patients had died, six were severely disabled, two moderately disabled. Intravascular methods to induce moderate hypothermia combined with precooling with cold saline at 4 degrees C appear to be feasible and effective in reducing intracranial pressure in patients.

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Therapeutic Hypothermia in the Treatment of Cardiac Arrest

Therapeutic Hypothermia in the Treatment of Cardiac Arrest
Benjamin S. Abella, MPhil, Terry L. Vanden Hoek, and Lance B. Becker
Contemporary Cardiology: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

 Therapeutic hypothermia is a type of treatment that can be used for people who are in cardiac arrest. During cardiac arrest the brain may not get enough blood flow hich is what causes lasting damage. Lowering the body temperature right away after cardiac arrest can reduce damage to the brain which can raise the chances that the person will recover.